A peer-reviewed article published in Environmental Research Letters.
Using an energy balance carbon-cycle model, we find that emissions traced to the 88 largest industrial carbon producers from 1880–2015 and 1965–2015 have contributed ~55% and ~51%, respectively, of the historical 1880–2015 decline in surface ocean pH.
Related resources
Activist Resource
A Path Forward
We know the next four years will be a dangerous time for our country and for everyone who cares about a safe, sustainable, and just future.
Video
Sea level rise, explained by kids
Young people have a lot to say about how global warming is changing the world.
Feature
Science Hub for Climate Litigation
We're connecting scientific experts, legal scholars, and practitioners working at the intersection of science and climate litigation.
Report
Research Areas for Climate Litigation
Climate litigation continues to grow and evolve as climate action lags and as impacts become increasingly severe.