The letter below was created and published by a group of members of the National Academy of Sciences. We present it here as an important example of prominent scientists speaking out about the need for evidence-based policy and a strong, independent science enterprise when confronting urgent public issues such as climate change.
For more information about the letter and its organizers, visit scientistsforsciencebasedpolicy.org/ .
In September 2016, over 375 members of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) signed an Open Letter calling attention to the dangers of human-induced climate change. The letter warned that U.S. withdrawal from the Paris climate accord would have negative consequences for the world’s climate system and for U.S. leadership and credibility.
In the intervening months, these negative consequences have become more obvious. Human-caused climate disruption is leading to suffering and economic loss. Suffering and loss are not future hypotheticals. They are happening now. Despite these serious negative consequences, the present Administration has fulfilled its threat to initiate U.S. withdrawal from the Paris climate accord. The United States is the only nation in the world that has taken this action.
The decision to withdraw is symptomatic of a larger problem: the Trump Administration’s denigration of scientific expertise and harassment of scientists. The dismissal of scientific evidence in policy formulation has affected wide areas of the social, biological, environmental and physical sciences. It has been particularly egregious in climate science. A recent instance of this is the intention of the Administration to assemble a “Red Team/Blue Team” to re-litigate all aspects of climate science. Such an exercise seeks to foster the erroneous impression of deep uncertainty concerning the reality and seriousness of anthropogenically driven climate change.
Scientific evidence and research should be an important component of policymaking. We therefore call on the Federal Government to maintain scientific content on publicly accessible websites, to appoint qualified personnel to positions requiring scientific expertise, to cease censorship and intimidation of Government scientists, and to reverse the decision to withdraw the United States from the Paris Agreement.
Signed by
The NAS members below signed as individuals, not on behalf of the NAS itself or their Institutions.
Charles F. Manski, Northwestern University, and Statement Organizer
Benjamin D. Santer, Member, National Academy of Sciences, and Statement Organizer
Ray J. Weymann, Carnegie Institution for Science, and Statement Organize
Andreas Acrivos, Stanford University
Jerry Adams, University of Melbourne
Eric Adelberger, University of Washington
Edward Adelson, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gabriel Aeppli, ETH Zurich
Peter Agre, Johns Hopkins University
Huda Akil, University of Michigan
Bruce Alberts, University of California, San Francisco
Richard Aldrich, University of Texas at Austin
Kari Alitalo, University of Helsinki
Harvey Alter, National Institutes of Health
Jeanne Altmann, Princeton University
Richard M. Amasino, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Victor Ambros, University of Massachusetts Medical School
Hans C. Andersen, Stanford University
Phillip W. Anderson, Princeton University
Porter Anderson, Jr., Harvard University
Eva Andrei, Rutgers University
Nancy Andrews, Duke University
J. Roger P. Angel, University of Arizona
Luc E. Anselin, University of Chicago
Fred Anson, California Institute of Technology
Clay Armstrong, University of Pennsylvania
David Arnett, University of Arizona
Frances Arnold, California Institute of Technology
Richard Aslin, Haskins Laboratories and Yale University
Greg Asner, Carnegie Institution for Science
Alain Aspect, Institut d'Optique
David Aspnes, North Carolina State University
Susan Athey, Stanford University
Sir Michael Atiyah, University of Edinburgh
Tanya M. Atwater, University of California, Santa Barbara
Frederick Ausubel, Harvard University
Robert Axelrod, University of Michigan
Francisco Ayala, University of California, Irvine
George Backus, University of California, San Diego
Neta Bahcall, Princeton University
Julia Bailey-Serres, University of California, Riverside
Renee Baillargeon, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Steven Balbus, University of Oxford
Ian-Thomas Baldwin, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology
David Baltimore, California Institute of Technology
Mahzarin R. Banaji, Harvard University
Phil Baran, Scripps Research Institute
Allen Bard, University of Texas at Austin
Edouard Bard, Collège de France
Carolina Barillas-Mury, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Jacqueline Barton, California Institute of Technology
Brenda Bass, University of Utah
Hyman Bass, University of Michigan
David Baulcombe, University of Cambridge
Étienne-Émile Baulieu, Collège de France
Moungi Bawendi, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Stephen Baylin, Johns Hopkins University
Denis Baylor, Stanford University
Gordon Baym, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Peter Beak, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Cynthia M. Beall, Case Western Reserve University
Kurt Beam, University of Colorado at Denver
Peter Bearman, Columbia University
Barry J. Beaty, Colorado State University
Joseph A. Beavo, University of Washington
Anthony Bebbington, Clark University
Marlene Belfort, New York State Department of Health
Yasmine Belkaid, National Institutes of Health
Stephen Bell, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michael Bender, Princeton University
Michael V.L. Bennett, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Vann Bennett, Duke University
Jeffrey L. Bennetzen, University of Georgia
Christophe Benoist, Harvard University
John Bercaw, California Institute of Technology
David Bercovici, Yale University
May R. Berenbaum, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Howard Berg, Harvard University
Joy M. Bergelson, University of Chicago
Robert Bergman, University of California, Berkeley
Dominique Bergmann, Stanford University
Elwyn Berlekamp, Elwyn & Jennifer Berlekamp Foundation
Anton Berns, Netherlands Cancer Institute
Kenneth Berns, University of Florida
Joseph Berry, Carnegie Institution for Science
R. Stephen Berry, University of Chicago
Peter Bickel, University of California, Berkeley
Sue Biggins, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
James Birchler, University of Missouri-Columbia
Mina Bissell, University of California, Berkeley
Emilio Bizzi, Czech Academy of Sciences
Randolph Blake, Vanderbilt University
Jacques E. Blamont, Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Roger Blandford, Stanford University
Helen Blau, Stanford University
Spencer J. Bloch, University of Chicago
Steven M. Block, Stanford University
Barry Bloom, Harvard University
Lawrence Bobo, Stanford University
Walter Bodmer, University of Oxford
Felix Boehm, California Institute of Technology
Nancy Bonini, University of Pennsylvania
John C. Boothroyd, Stanford University
Gary Borisy, Marine Biological Laboratory
Piet Borst, Netherlands Cancer Institute
Gordon Bower, Stanford University
Steven Boxer, Stanford University
Ed A. Boyle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Susan Brantley, Pennsylvania State University
Daniel Branton, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Eugene Braunwald, Harvard University
Sydney Brenner, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)
Edouard Brezin, École Normale Supérieure
William B. Bridges, California Institute of Technology
Winslow Briggs, Carnegie Institution for Science
Steven P. Briggs, University of California, San Diego
William A. Brock, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Marianne Bronner, Caltech
Maurice Brookhart, University of Houston
Donald Brown, Carnegie Institution of Washington
James H. Brown, University of New Mexico
Patrick O. Brown, Stanford University School of Medicine
Joan S. Brugge, Harvard University
Axel T. Brunger, Stanford University
Bob B. Buchanan, University of California, Berkeley
Stephen L. Buchwald, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
James J. Bull, University of Texas at Austin
Douglas Burbank, University of California, Santa Barbara
E. Margaret Burbidge, University of California, San Diego (Emerita)
Adam Burrows, Princeton University
Cynthia Burrows, University of Utah
Friedrich Busse, University of Bayreuth
Mark A. Cane, Columbia University
Claude Canizares, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Charles Cantor, Sequenom
Roberto Car, Princeton University
John Carlson, Yale University
Marian Carlson, Columbia University
Stephen Carpenter, University of Wisconsin-Madison
James C. Carrington, Donald Danforth Plant Science Center
Dana Carroll, University of Utah
Emily A. Carter, Princeton University
Anthony Cashmore, University of Pennsylvania
Donald Caspar, Florida State University
Juan Carlos Castilla, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
William A. Catterall, University of Washington
Anny Cazenave, Centre National d'Études Spatiales
Gerardo Ceballos González, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
David Ceperley, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Constance Cepko, Harvard University
Thure E. Cerling, University of Utah
Martin Chalfie, Columbia University
Gary Chamberlain, Harvard University
Moses H. W. Chan, Pennsylvania State University
F. Stuart Chapin, University of Alaska
David Charbonneau, Harvard University
Dorothy Cheney, University of Pennsylvania
Andrew Cherlin, Johns Hopkins University
Herman Chernoff, Harvard University
Raj Chetty, Stanford University
Roger Chevalier, University of Virginia
Shu Chien, University of California, San Diego
Francis V. Chisari, Scripps Research Institute
Sallie Chisholm, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Alexandre Chorin, University of California, Berkeley
Joanne Chory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Louise Chow, University of Alabama at Birmingham
George Clark, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
William A. V. Clark, University of California, Los Angeles
William C. Clark, Harvard University
James E. Cleaver, University of California, San Francisco
Michael D. Coe, Yale University
Enrico Coen, John Innes Centre
John M. Coffin, Tufts University
Joel Cohen, Rockefeller University
Marshall Cohen, California Institute of Technology
Morrel Cohen, Rutgers University
Philip Cohen, University of Dundee
Jonathan J. Cole, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Rita R. Colwell, University of Maryland
Dalton Conley, Princeton University
Karen S. Cook, Stanford University
Max Dale Cooper, Emory University
Susan Coppersmith, University of Wisconsin-Madison
E. J. Corey, Harvard University
Robert Cousins, University of Florida
Richard M. Cowling, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
Gerald R. Crabtree, Stanford University
Robert Crabtree, Yale University
Nancy Craig, Johns Hopkins University
Peter Cresswell, Yale University
Eileen Crimmins, University of Southern California
Maureen Cropper, University of Maryland
Paul J. Crutzen, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
Christopher Cummins, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Robert Curl, Jr., Rice University
Roy Curtiss III, University of Florida
Sean Cutler, University of California, Riverside
Jason Cyster, University of California, San Francisco
James Dahlberg, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Hongjie Dai, Stanford University
Gretchen Daily, Stanford University
Riccardo Dalla-Favera, Columbia University
G. Brent Dalrymple, Oregon State University
Yang Dan, University of California, Berkeley
Jeffrey L. Dangl, University of North Carolina
Marcetta Darensbourg, Texas A&M University
Seth A. Darst, Rockefeller University
Sir Partha Dasgupta, University of Cambridge
Earl W. Davie, University of Washington
Julian Davies, University of British Columbia
Mark E. Davis, California Institute of Technology
Russ Davis, University of California, San Diego
Carl de Boor, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Pablo Debenedetti, Princeton University
Ruth DeFries, Columbia University
William DeGrado, University of California, San Francisco
Stanislas Dehaene, Collège de France
Johann Deisenhofer, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Edward F. DeLong, University of Hawaii at Manoa
Arnold L. Demain, Drew University
Jody W. Deming, University of Washington
David L. Denlinger, Ohio State University
Scott E. Denmark, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Donald DePaolo, University of California, Berkeley
Ronald A. DePinho, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
David DeRosier, Brandeis University
Stanley Deser, Brandeis University
Raymond Deshaies, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Joseph M. DeSimone, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Claude Desplan, New York University
Peter Diamond, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Emeritus
Bob Dickinson, University of Texas at Austin
James Dieterich, University of California, Riverside
David Dilcher, Indiana University
Ken Dill, Stony Brook University
Rodolfo Dirzo, Stanford University
Francis DiSalvo, Cornell University
Avinash K. Dixit, Princeton University
Richard Dixon, University of North Texas
Chris Q. Doe, University of Oregon
Michael J. Donoghue, Yale University
Russell F. Doolittle, University of California, San Diego
Jennifer Doudna, University of California, Berkeley
John E. Dowling, Harvard University
Bruce Draine, Princeton University
Robert Drennan, University of Pittsburgh
Alan Dressler, Carnegie Institution for Science
Gideon Dreyfuss, University of Pennsylvania
Vladimir Drinfeld, University of Chicago
Esther Duflo, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Greg Duncan, University of California, Irvine
Jack Dunitz, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Jay Dunlap, Dartmouth College
Thomas Dunne, University of California, Santa Barbara
Richard Durrett, Duke University
Richard Easterlin, University of Southern California
Joseph R. Ecker, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Kathryn Edin, Princeton University
R. Lawrence Edwards, University of Minnesota
James Ehleringer, University of Utah
Paul Ehrlich, Stanford University
Lawrence Einhorn, Indiana University
Richard Eisenberg, University of Rochester
Robert Eisenman, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
James P. Eisenstein, California Institute of Technology
Stephen Elledge, Harvard University
Peter Ellison, Harvard University
Kerry A. Emanuel, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Scott Emr, Cornell University
Paula S. England, New York University
S. Walter Englander, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
W. Gary Ernst, Stanford University
Gerhard Ertl, Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science
Mark Estelle, University of California, San Diego
James A. Estes, University of California, Santa Cruz
Steven N. Evans, University of California, Berkeley
Sandra M. Faber, University of California, Santa Cruz
Paul Falkowski, Rutgers University
Michael Fayer, Stanford University
Douglas Fearon, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
James Fearon, Stanford University
Nina Fedoroff, Pennsylvania State University
Juli Feigon, University of California, Los Angeles
Joseph Felsenstein, University of Washington
John Ferejohn, Stanford University
George B. Field, Harvard University
Robert W. Field, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Stanley Fields, University of Washington
Alex Filippenko, University of California, Berkeley
Gerald R. Fink, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Barbara Finlayson-Pitts, University of California, Irvine
Edmond H. Fischer, University of Washington
Daniel Fisher, Stanford University
Michael Fisher, University of Maryland, College Park
Zachary Fisk, University of California, Davis
Robert Fletterick, University of California, San Francisco
Stephen Forrest, University of Michigan
Donald Forsyth, Brown University
Eduardo Fradkin, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Joachim Frank, Columbia University
Janet Franklin, Arizona State University
Michael Freeling, University of California, Berkeley
Katherine Freeman, Pennsylvania State University
Daan Frenkel, University of Cambridge
Perry Allen Frey, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Irwin Fridovich, Duke University
Carl Frieden, Washington University School of Medicine
Jerome Friedman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Uta Frith, University of London
Ying-Hui Fu, University of California, San Francisco
Drew Fudenberg, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Margaret T. Fuller, Stanford University
William Fulton, University of Michigan
Edwin Furshpan, Harvard University
Douglas J. Futuyma, Stony Brook University
Mary Gaillard, University of California, Berkeley
Jorge Galan, Yale University
Joseph Gall, Carnegie Institution of Washington
Charles R. Gallistel, Rutgers University
Elisabeth Gantt, University of Maryland, College Park
Chris Garrett, University of Victoria
T. H. Geballe, Stanford University
E. Peter Geiduschek, University of California, San Diego
Wilson Geisler, University of Texas at Austin
Samuel H. Gellman, University of Wisconsin
Susan Gelman, University of Michigan
Donald Geman, Johns Hopkins University
Howard Georgi, Harvard University
Charles Gilbert, Rockefeller University
Robert Glaeser, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Sheldon Glashow, Boston University
Roy Glauber, Harvard University
Peter H. Gleick, Pacific Institute
Sharon Glotzer, University of Michigan
Alfred Goldberg, Harvard University
Karen I. Goldberg, University of Pennsylvania
Michael E. Goldberg, Columbia University
Susan Golden, University of California, San Diego
Nigel Goldenfeld, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Claudia Goldin, Harvard University
Allen Goldman, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
Peter Goldreich, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton
Gabriela Gonzalez, Louisiana State University
Michael Goodchild, University of California, Santa Barbara
John Goodenough, University of Texas at Austin
Richard Goody, Harvard University
Emil Gotschlich, Rockefeller University
Fred Gould, North Carolina State University
Norma Graham, Columbia University
Ronald L. Graham, University of California, San Diego
Steve Granick, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST)
Donald Grayson, University of Washington
Michael Green, University of Massachusetts Medical School
Rachel Green, Johns Hopkins University
E. Peter Greenberg, University of Washington
Paul Greengard, Rockefeller University
Iva Greenwald, Columbia University
Diane Griffin, Johns Hopkins University
Jack D. Griffith, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Benedict Gross, Harvard University
Carol A. Gross, University of California, San Francisco
David Gross, University of California, Santa Barbara
Alan D. Grossman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mark Groudine, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Timothy Grove, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Robert H. Grubbs, California Institute of Technology
Mary Lou Guerinot, Dartmouth College
Roger Guillemin, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Sonia Guillen, Centro Mallqui
Jim Gunn, Princeton University
John Gurdon, University of Cambridge
Daniel A. Haber, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital
Christopher D. Hacon, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
John L. Hagan, Northwestern University
Peter Hagoort, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics and Radboud University
Beatrice Hahn, University of Pennsylvania
Sarah Hake, Agricultural Research Service
Benjamin Hall, University of Washington
John Hall, University of Colorado at Boulder
Michael Hall, University of Basel
Warren Hamilton, Colorado School of Mines
Sharon Hammes-Schiffer, Yale University
W. Michael Hanemann, Arizona State University
Jim Hansen, Columbia University
Lars Peter Hansen, University of Chicago
Susan Hanson, Clark University
Serge Haroche, Collège de France
Fiona A. Harrison, California Institute of Technology
Stephen Harrison, Harvard University
Susan P. Harrison, University of California, Davis
Oliver Hart, Harvard University
Stanley Hart, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Daniel L. Hartl, Harvard University
Dennis Hartmann, University of Washington
Leland Hartwell, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
John Hartwig, University of California, Berkeley
Robert Haselkorn, University of Chicago
Trevor Hastie, Stanford University
Alan Hastings, University of California, Davis
Robert M. Hauser, University of Wisconsin-Madison
David Haussler, University of California, Santa Cruz
Kristen Hawkes, University of Utah
Scott Hawley, Stowers Institute for Medical Research
Wick C. Haxton, University of California, Berkeley
Sheng-Yang He, Michigan State University
Clayton Heathcock, University of California, Berkeley
Arthur Hebard, University of Florida
Timothy Heckman, Johns Hopkins University
David Heeger, New York University
Carl Heiles, University of California, Berkeley
Ari Helenius, ETH Zurich
Steven Henikoff, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Tina Henkin, Ohio State University
Lars Hernquist, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Dudley Herschbach, Harvard University
Daniel Herschlag, Stanford University
John G. Hildebrand, University of Arizona
Bertil Hille, University of Washington
David M. Hillis, University of Texas at Austin
Sarah Hobbie, University of Minnesota
Hopi E. Hoekstra, Harvard University
Bert Hoelldobler, Arizona State University
Helmut Hofer, Institute for Advanced Study
Joseph Hoffman, Yale University
Paul F. Hoffman, University of Victoria
Roald Hoffmann, Cornell University
Albrecht W. Hofmann, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry
Tomas Hökfelt, Karolinska Institutet
Frank Hole, Yale University
John Hopfield, Princeton University
Nancy H. Hopkins, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gary Horowitz, University of California, Santa Barbara
H. Robert Horvitz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Susan Band Horwitz, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Sir Brian Hoskins, Imperial College London & University of Reading
Kendall Houk, University of California, Los Angeles
James House, University of Michigan
Michael Hout, New York University
Roger Howe, Yale University
Peter M. Howley, Harvard University
Sarah Hrdy, University of California, Davis
Richard Huganir, Johns Hopkins University
Tim Hunt, Cancer Research UK
David Huse, Princeton University
John Hutchinson, Harvard University
Clyde A. Hutchison III, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
James Hynes, University of Colorado Boulder
Richard Hynes, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Joseph Incandela, University of California, Santa Barbara
Ehud Y. Isacoff, University of California, Berkeley
Ralph Isberg, Tufts University
Kurt Isselbacher, Harvard University
David Jablonski, University of Chicago
Matthew Jackson, Stanford University
Christine Jacobs-Wagner, Yale University
William Jacobs, Jr., Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Eric Jacobsen, Harvard University
Rudolf Jaenisch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Reinhard Jahn, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
Rakesh K. Jain, Harvard University
Anthony James, University of California, Irvine
Daniel H. Janzen, University of Pennsylvania
Christopher S. Jencks, Harvard University
Klavs Jensen, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
David C. Jewitt, University of California, Los Angeles
Alexander Johnson, University of California, San Francisco
J. R. Jokipii, University of Arizona
Jiri Jonas, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Jonathan D.G. Jones, University of East Anglia
Peter Jones, Van Andel Research Institute
Michael I. Jordan, University of California, Berkeley
Tom Jordan, University of Southern California
V. Craig Jordan, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Jean Jouzel, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climate et de l'Environnement
H. Ronald Kaback, University of California, Los Angeles
Thomas Kailath, Stanford University
A. Dale Kaiser, Stanford University
Vicky Kalogera, Northwestern University
Nancy Kanwisher, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
David Kaplan, University of Washington
Peter M. Kareiva, University of California, Los Angeles
Michael Karin, University of California, San Diego
David Karl, University of Hawaii at Manoa
Arthur Karlin, Columbia University
Richard Karp, University of California, Berkeley
Harvey Karten, Professor Emeritus, University of California, San Diego
Victoria Kaspi, McGill University
Michael Kastan, Duke University
James F. Kasting, Pennsylvania State University
Lawrence Katz, Harvard University
Guinevere Kauffmann, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
Thomas Kaufman, Indiana University
Paul Kay, International Computer Science Institute
Steve A. Kay, University of Southern California
Haig H. Kazazian, Jr., Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Kenneth Kellermann, National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Carlos E. Kenig, University of Chicago
Donald Kennedy, Stanford University
Charles Kennel, University of California, San Diego
James Kennett, University of California, Santa Barbara
Robert Keohane, Princeton University
Allen Kerr, University of Adelaide
Wolfgang Ketterle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gurdev S. Khush, University of California, Davis
Margaret G. Kidwell, University of Arizona
Susan W. Kieffer, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Laura L. Kiessling, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Peter S. Kim, Stanford University
Judith Kimble, University of Wisconsin–Madison
Donald R. Kinder, University of Michigan
Margaret Galland Kivelson, University of California, Los Angeles
Steven Kivelson, Stanford University
Dan Kleppner, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Steven Kliewer, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Catherine L. Kling, Iowa State University
Andrew Knoll, Harvard University
Eric I. Knudsen, Stanford University School of Medicine
David Kohlstedt, University of Minnesota
Joseph J. Kohn, Princeton University
Eugene V. Koonin, National Institutes of Health
Edward Korn, National Institutes of Health
Sir Hans Kornberg, Boston University
Stuart Kornfeld, Washington University
Douglas Koshland, University of California, Berkeley
Conrad Kottak, University of Michigan
Edward A. Kravitz, Harvard University
John Krebs, University of Oxford
Anne Krueger, Johns Hopkins University
Shrinivas Kulkarni, California Institute of Technology
Louis Kunkel, Harvard University
Mitzi Kuroda, Harvard University
Christopher W. Kuzawa, Northwestern University
William Labov, University of Pennsylvania
J. Clark Lagarias, University of California, Davis
David Laitin, Stanford University
Robert Lamb, Northwestern University
Kurt Lambeck, Australian National University
Eric Lambin, Stanford University
Leslie Lamport, Microsoft Research
Barbara Landau, Johns Hopkins University
Lynn Landmesser, Case Western Reserve University
Arthur Landy, Brown University
Robert Langlands, Institute for Advanced Study
Lewis Lanier, University of California, San Francisco
Brian A. Larkins, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Clark Larsen, Ohio State University
Greg Lawler, University of Chicago
Sir John Lawton, Former Chief Executive, UK Natural Environment Research Council
Thorne Lay, University of California, Santa Cruz
Joseph E. LeDoux, New York University
Ronald Lee, University of California, Berkeley
Sang Yup Lee, KAIST
Yuan Lee, Academia Sinica (Taiwan)
Anthony James Leggett, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Ruth Lehmann, New York University
Richard E. Lenski, Michigan State University
Estella Leopold, University of Washington
Willem (Pim) Levelt, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics
Simon Levin, Princeton University
Arnold J. Levine, Institute for Advanced Study
Beth Levine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Michael Levitt, Stanford University School of Medicine
Harris Lewin, University of California, Davis
Anne L'Huillier, Lund University
Wen-Hsiung Li, University of Chicago
Elliot Lieb, Princeton University
Thomas Liggett, University of California, Los Angeles
Gene E. Likens, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Stephen Lippard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
John T. Lis, Cornell University
Dan Littman, New York University
Andrea Liu, University of Pennsylvania
Laszlo Lorand, Feinberg Medical School, Northwestern University
George Lorimer, University of Maryland, College Park
Jonathan B. Losos, Washington University in St. Louis
C. Owen Lovejoy, Kent State University
Jane Lubchenco, Oregon State University
Tom Lubensky, University of Pennsylvania
Karolin Luger, University of Colorado, Boulder
Jonathan I. Lunine, Cornell University
Liqun Luo, Stanford University
George Lusztig, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Joe Lutkenhaus, University of Kansas
Michael Lynch, Indiana University
Akin Mabogunje, Foundation for Development and Environmental Initiatives
Glen M. MacDonald, University of California, Los Angeles
J. Ross MacDonald, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Trudy Mackay, North Carolina State University
David MacMillan, Princeton University
Anthony P. Mahowald, University of Chicago
Jitendra Malik, University of California, Berkeley
Thomas Mallouk, Pennsylvania State University
Syukuro Manabe, Princeton University
David Mangelsdorf, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas
James Manley, Columbia University
M. Brian Maple, University of California, San Diego
James G. March, Stanford University
Rudolph A. Marcus, California Institute of Technology
Joyce Marcus, University of Michigan
Eve Marder, Brandeis University
Robert Mare, University of California, Los Angeles
Andrew R. Marks, Columbia University
Michael Marletta, University of California, Berkeley
Pablo A. Marquet, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Susan Marqusee, University of California, Berkeley
Philippa Marrack, National Jewish Medical and Research Center
Eric Maskin, Harvard University
Carol A. Mason, Columbia University
Joan Massague, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Douglas S. Massey, Princeton University
John Mather, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Pamela A. Matson, Stanford University
Rowena G. Matthews, University of Michigan
Martin Matzuk, Baylor College of Medicine
Michel G. Mayor, University of Geneva
Barry Mazur, Harvard University
J. Andrew McCammon, University of California, San Diego
Bonnie J. McCay, Rutgers University
Susan McConnell, Stanford University
Frank McCormick, University of California, San Francisco
Richard McCray, University of Colorado
Ann McDermott, Columbia University
Dusa McDuff, Barnard College
Bruce S. McEwen, Rockefeller University
Daniel McFadden, University of California, Berkeley
James McGaugh, University of California, Irvine
Christopher McKee, University of California, Berkeley
Fred McLafferty, Cornell University
Sara McLanahan, Princeton University
Jim McWilliams, University of California, Los Angeles
David Mechanic, Rutgers University
Douglas Medin, Northwestern University
Ernesto Medina, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research
Ruslan Medzhitov, Yale University
Jerrold Meinwald, Cornell University
Jerry M. Melillo, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole
Henry J. Melosh, Purdue University
David J. Meltzer, Southern Methodist University
Sabeeha Merchant, University of California, Los Angeles
N. David Mermin, Cornell University
Michael Merzenich, University of California, San Francisco
Joachim Messing, Rutgers University
Barbara J. Meyer, University of California, Berkeley
Thomas Meyer, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Yves Meyer, École Normale Superieure de Cachan
Hartmut Michel, Max Planck Institute for Biophysics
Josef Michl, University of Colorado at Boulder
Paul Milgrom, Stanford University
Louis H. Miller, National Institutes of Health
William H. Miller, University of California, Berkeley
James Mitchell, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
William E. Moerner, Stanford University
H. Keith Moffatt, University of Cambridge
Harold Mooney, Stanford University
Patrick Moore, University of Pittsburgh
Jeffrey S. Moore, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Peter B. Moore, Yale University
James Moran, Harvard University
Nancy Moran, University of Texas at Austin
Francois M. M. Morel, Princeton University
M. Granger Morgan, Carnegie Mellon University
Shigefumi Mori, Kyoto University
Edvard Moser, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Ellen S. Mosley-Thompson, Ohio State University
Bernard Moss, National Institutes of Health
J. Anthony Movshon, New York University
David Mumford, Brown University
Walter Munk, University of California, San Diego
William Murdoch, University of California, Santa Barbara
Catherine J. Murphy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Susan Murphy, Harvard University
Andrew Murray, Harvard University
Cherry Murray, University of California, Berkeley
Royce Murray, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Ramesh Narayan, Harvard University
June Bowman Nasrallah, Cornell University
Carl Nathan, Cornell University
Jeremy Nathans, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Ann Nelson, University of Washington
Eugene W. Nester, University of Washington
Elizabeth Neufeld, University of California, Los Angeles
Eviatar Nevo, University of Haifa
Maria New, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
William T. Newsome, Stanford University
Kyriacos Costa Nicolaou, Scripps Research Institute
Risto M. Nieminen, Aalto University
Hiroshi Nikaido, University of California, Berkeley
Louis Nirenberg, New York University
Abraham Nitzan, University of Pennsylvania
William D. Nix, Stanford University
Krishna Niyogi, University of California, Berkeley
Richard P. Novick, New York University School of Medicine
Jodi Nunnari, University of California, Davis
David Nygren, University of Texas at Arlington
James F. O’Connell, University of Utah
John O'Keefe, University of London
Paul E. Olsen, Columbia University
Bert W. O'Malley, Baylor College of Medicine
Nai Phuan Ong, Princeton University
Stuart H. Orkin, Harvard University
Donald Ornstein, Stanford University
Jeremiah Ostriker, Columbia University
Sarah Otto, University of British Columbia
Larry Overman, University of California, Irvine
Norman R. Pace, University of Colorado
Ariel Pakes, Harvard University
Rafael Palacios, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Jeffrey D. Palmer, Indiana University
Richard D. Palmiter, University of Washington School of Medicine
Christos Papadimitriou, University of California, Berkeley
Mary-Lou Pardue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Giorgia Parisi, University of Rome
Barbara Partee, University of Massachusetts Amherst
Ardem Patapoutian, Scripps Research Institute
David Patterson, University of California, Berkeley
Joseph Pedlosky, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Jim Peebles, Princeton University
Claudio Pellegrini, University of California, Los Angeles
David Penny, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University
Norbert Perrimon, Harvard University
Thomas Petes, Duke University
Gregory A. Petsko, Brandeis University
Gordon Pettengill, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
S. George Philander, Princeton University
James Phillips, Rutgers University
William Phillips, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Craig Pikaard, Indiana University
David Pilbeam, Harvard University
Steven Pinker, Harvard University
Dolores R. Piperno, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Terry Plank, Columbia University
Stephen Plog, University of Virginia
E. Ward Plummer, Louisiana State University
Richard Scott Poethig, University of Pennsylvania
John Charles Polanyi, University of Toronto
Michael Posner, University of Oregon
C. Dale Poulter, University of Utah
Tullio Pozzan, University of Padua
William H. Press, University of Texas at Austin
Samuel Preston, University of Pennsylvania
T. Douglas Price, University of Wisconsin-Madison
John Pringle, Stanford University
David Pritchard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Louis John Ptacek, University of California, San Francisco
Peter Quail, University of California, Berkeley
Helen R. Quinn, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Roy Radner, New York University
Martin Raff, University of London
Natasha Raikhel, University of California, Riverside
Klaus Rajewsky, Max-Delbruck-Center for Molecular Medicine
James Randerson, University of California, Irvine
Anjana Rao, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology
Mark Ratner, Northwestern University
Stephen Raudenbush, University of Chicago
Peter H. Raven, Missouri Botanical Garden
A. R. Ravishankara, Colorado State University
Maureen E. Raymo, Columbia University
Martin Rees, Cambridge University
Peter B. Reich, University of Minnesota, St. Paul
Nancy Reid, University of Toronto
Robert A. Rescorla, University of Pennsylvania
Peter Rhines, University of Washington
Kenneth Ribet, University of California, Berkeley
James Rice, Harvard University
Stuart Rice, University of Chicago
Charles Rice III, Rockefeller University
Rebecca Richards-Kortum, Rice University
Jane Richardson, Duke University
Jennifer A. Richeson, Yale University
Robert E. Ricklefs, University of Missouri-St. Louis
Lynn M. Riddiford, University of Washington
George Rieke, University of Arizona
Marcia Rieke, University of Arizona
Adam Riess, Johns Hopkins University
Eric J. Rignot, University of California, Irvine
Yasuko Rikihisa, Ohio State University
Jasper Rine, University of California, Berkeley
Jeffrey Warren Roberts, Cornell University
Morton Roberts, National Radio Astronomy Observatory
R. Michael Roberts, University of Missouri
Gene Robinson, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Ignacio J. Rodríguez-Iturbe, Princeton University
Henry L. Roediger, III, Washington University in St. Louis
Kenneth Rogoff, Harvard University
Bernard Roizman, University of Chicago
A. Kimball Romney, University of California, Irvine
Ranulfo Romo, National Autonomous University of Mexico
Lee D. Ross, Stanford University
Michael G. Rossmann, Purdue University
Alvin Roth, Stanford University
Lucia B. Rothman-Denes, University of Chicago
Rodney Rothstein, Columbia University
Alexander Rudensky, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Joan Ruderman, Harvard University
Roberta L. Rudnick, University of California, Santa Barbara
Erkki Ruoslahti, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute
Liane Russell, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Gary Ruvkun, Massachusetts General Hospital
Donald Saari, University of California, Irvine
Subir Sachdev, Harvard University
Roald Sagdeev, University of Maryland, College Park
Linda J. Saif, Ohio State University
Andrej Sali, University of California, San Francisco
Francisco Mauro Salzano, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Robert Sampson, Harvard University
Pedro A. Sanchez, Columbia University
David Sandwell, University of California, San Diego
Joshua R. Sanes, Harvard University
Robert Sauer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Charles Sawyers, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Daniel L. Schacter, Harvard University
David G. Schatz, Yale School of Medicine
Jose A. Scheinkman, Columbia University
Randy W. Schekman, University of California, Berkeley
Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Paul Schimmel, Scripps Research Institute
David W. Schindler, University of Alberta
Bill Schlesinger, Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies
Stuart Schlossman, Harvard University
Dolph Schluter, University of British Columbia
Johanna Schmitt, University of California, Davis
Richard Schoen, University of California, Irvine
Robert J. Scholes, University of the Witwatersrand
William R. Schowalter, Princeton University
Vern L. Schramm, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Gerald Schubert, University of California, Los Angeles
John Schwarz, California Institute of Technology
Frank Sciulli, Columbia University
John Sclater, University of California, San Diego
Dana S. Scott, Carnegie Mellon University
Matthew P. Scott, President, Carnegie Institution for Science
John W. Sedat, University of California, San Francisco
Ronald R. Sederoff, North Carolina State University
Paul Segall, Stanford University
Eric Selker, University of Oregon
Karen Seto, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies
Jeff Severinghaus, University of California, San Diego
Geraldine Seydoux, Johns Hopkins University
Robert M. Seyfarth, University of Pennsylvania
Irwin Shapiro, Harvard University
Carla J. Shatz, Stanford University
Peter Shearer, University of California, San Diego
Y. Ron Shen, University of California, Berkeley
Thomas Shenk, Princeton University
Kenneth A. Shepsle, Harvard University
Richard M. Shiffrin, Indiana University
Melvyn Shochet, University of Chicago
Frank Shu, University of California, San Diego
Gerald Shulman, Yale University
Robert G. Shulman, Yale University
L. David Sibley, Washington University in St. Louis
Kerry Sieh, Nanyang Technological University
Eric Siggia, Rockefeller University
Frederick Sigworth, Yale University
Thomas Silhavy, Princeton University
Daniel Simberloff, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Beth Simmons, Harvard University
James Simons, Chairman, Simons Foundation
Christopher Sims, Princeton University
Burton H. Singer, Princeton University
Wolf Singer, Ernst Strungmann Institute for Neuroscience
Norman H. Sleep, Stanford University
Paul Slovic, Decision Research
William S. Sly, Saint Louis University
Hamilton O. Smith, J. Craig Venter Institute
Edward Solomon, Stanford University
Robert Solovay, University of California, Berkeley
Douglas Edward Soltis, University of Florida
Pamela S. Soltis, University of Florida
George Somero, Stanford University
Christopher Somerville, University of California, Berkeley
Alfred Sommer, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Dam Thanh Son, University of Chicago
Charles S. Spencer, American Museum of Natural History
David Spergel, Princeton University
Daniel Spielman, Yale University
Nicholas Spitzer, University of California, San Diego
James Spudich, Stanford University
T. N. Srinivasan, Yale University
Franklin W. Stahl, University of Oregon
Charles Stanish, Member NAS, University of South Florida.
Steven Stanley, University of Hawaii at Manoa
George Stark, Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Harold Stark, University of California, San Diego
Alexei Starobinsky, Russian Academy of Sciences
Charles Steidel, California Institute of Technology
Lawrence Steinman, Stanford University
Joan Steitz, Yale University
Thomas A. Steitz, Yale University
Nils Stenseth, University of Oslo
Paul Sternberg, California Institute of Technology
Saul Sternberg, University of Pennsylvania
J. Fraser Stoddart, Northwestern University
Edward Stolper, California Institute of Technology
Anne Stone, Arizona State University
Howard A. Stone, Princeton University
Gilbert Strang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Joan E. Strassmann, Washington University, St. Louis
Karen B. Strier, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Jack Strominger, Harvard University
Daniel Stroock, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Gary Struhl, Columbia University
Kevin Struhl, Harvard University
Madhu Sudan, Harvard University
Thomas C. Südhof, Stanford University School of Medicine
Wesley Sundquist, University of Utah
Leonard Susskind, Stanford University
Karel Svoboda, Howard Hughes Medical Institute
Richard Swan, University of Chicago
Lynn R. Sykes, Columbia University (Emeritus)
Jack Szostak, Harvard University
Clifford J. Tabin, Harvard University
Joseph S. Takahashi, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Harvey Tananbaum, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Terence Tao, University of California, Los Angeles
Eva Tardos, Cornell University
Robert E. Tarjan, Princeton University
John Tate, Harvard University
Clifford Taubes, Harvard University
Joseph Taylor, Princeton University
Shelley Taylor, University of California, Los Angeles
John Terborgh, Duke University
Saul A. Teukolsky, Cornell University
Richard H. Thaler, University of Chicago
Mark Thiemens, University of California, San Diego
David Hurst Thomas, American Museum of Natural History
Elizabeth Thompson, University of Washington
Lonnie Thompson, Ohio State University
Gerard 't Hooft, Utrecht University
Kip Thorne, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Jeremy Thorner, University of California, Berkeley
Maury Tigner, Cornell University
Shirley Tilghman, Princeton University
Sarah Tishkoff, University of Pennsylvania
Alan Title, Lockheed Martin Corporation
Glauco Tocchini-Valentini, National Research Council of Italy
Margaret Tolbert, University of Colorado at Boulder
John L. Tonry, University of Hawaii at Honolulu
Alar Toomre, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Erio Tosatti, International School for Advanced Studies
Scott Tremaine, Institute for Advanced Study
Erik Trinkaus, Washington University
Susan Trumbore, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
James Tumlinson, Pennsylvania State University
Monica G. Turner, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Billie L. Turner, Arizona State University
Gina Turrigiano, Brandeis University
Anthony Tyson, University of California, Davis
Emil R. Unanue, Washington University in St. Louis
Leslie G. Ungerleider, National Institutes of Health
Joan Selverstone Valentine, University of California, Los Angeles
David Van Essen, Washington University in St. Louis
James L. Van Etten, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
David Vanderbilt, Rutgers University
Srinivasa Varadhan, New York University
Harold E. Varmus, Cornell University
Martha Vaughan, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Inder Verma, Salk Institute for Biological Studies
George Veronis, Yale University
Richard D. Vierstra, Washington University, St. Louis
Herbert Virgin IV, Washington University
Peter H. von Hippel, University of Oregon
Klaus von Klitzing, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
Leslie B. Vosshall, Rockefeller University
Allan Wagner, Yale University
Günter Paul Wagner, Yale University
Grace Wahba, University of Wisconsin–Madison
David B. Wake, University of California, Berkeley
David Walker, Columbia University
Graham Walker, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
John Walker, Medical Research Council
Diana H. Wall, Colorado State University
John Michael Wallace, University of Washington
Christopher A. Walsh, Harvard Medical School
Peter Walter, University of California, San Francisco
Brian Wandell, Stanford University
Stephen Warren, Emory University
Mary Waters, Harvard University
E. Bruce Watson, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Robert Webster, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
John Weeks, University of Maryland, College Park
Ewald Weibel, University of Bern
Detlef Weigel, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology
Sheldon Weinbaum, City College of the City University of New York
Robert Weinberg, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Steven Weinberg, University of Texas at Austin
Arthur Weiss, University of California, San Francisco
Rainer Weiss, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Herbert Weissbach, Florida Atlantic University
Irving Weissman, Stanford University
Michael Welsh, University of Iowa
Zena Werb, University of California, San Francisco
Mary Jane West-Eberhard, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Emerita
Simon White, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics
Steven R. White, University of California, Irvine
Cathy L. Whitlock, Montana State University
Kenneth Wiberg, Yale University
Benjamin Widom, Cornell University
Eric Wieschaus, Princeton University
Torsten N. Wiesel, President Emeritus, Rockefeller University
Polly Wiessner, University of Utah
Clifford Will, University of Florida
Eske Willerslev, University of Copenhagen
Ruth Williams, University of California, San Diego
Robert B. Wilson, Stanford University
Robert W. Wilson, Member, National Academy of Sciences
William Julius Wilson, Harvard University
David Wineland, Member, National Academy of Sciences
Fred Winston, Harvard University
Mark Wise, California Institute of Technology
Richard Witter, U.S. Department of Agriculture
Steven Wofsy, Harvard University
Richard V. Wolfenden, University of North Carolina
Julian Wolpert, Princeton University
John Wood, Member, National Academy of Sciences
George M. Woodwell, Woods Hole Research Center
Stanford E. Woosley, University of California, Santa Cruz
Henry Wright, University of Michigan
Peter Wright, Scripps Research Institute
Hao Wu, Harvard University
Carl Wunsch, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Robert Wurtz, National Institutes of Health
Peter J. Wyllie, California Institute of Technology
Anastasios Xepapadeas, Athens University of Economics and Business
Yu Xie, Princeton University
Keith R. Yamamoto, University of California, San Francisco
Wei Yang, National Institutes of Health
Martin Yanofsky, University of California, San Diego
Horng-Tzer Yau, Harvard University
Jun Ye, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Tilahun Yilma, University of California, Davis
Richard Young, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
William Young, University of California, San Diego
Junying Yuan, Harvard University
James Zachos, University of California, Santa Cruz
Virginia A. Zakian, Princeton University
Gary Zank, University of Alabama in Huntsville
S. Lawrence Zipursky, University of California, Los Angeles
Huda Zoghbi, Baylor College of Medicine+